ここから本文です。
第73号抄録
宮城県のユリ栽培におけるウイルス病の発生実態および病原ウイルス
佐藤英典・中村茂雄
Virus Disease of Lily in Miyagi Prefecture and The Property of Its Causal Viruses
Hidenori SATO and Shigeo NAKAMURA
宮城県内のユリ栽培ほ場においてウイルス病の発生調査を行い,ユリモットルウイルス(LMoV),ユリ潜在ウイルス(LSV),キュウリモザイクウイルス(CMV)の3種類のウイルスを確認した。各ウイルスの1分離株ずつについて宿主範囲を調査したところ,LMoV-ML61およびLSV-ML112はユリ科植物にのみ感染したが,CMV-ML126では11科の植物への感染が見られた。さらに,これらの3分離株の外被タンパク質遺伝子の塩基配列を決定して既知の配列と比較したところ,ML61とML112は海外で分離されたLMoVとLSVにそれぞれ高い相同性を示すこと,ML126はCMVサブグループIに属することが明らかとなった。
<Summary>
Field surveys of virus diseases of lilies in Miyagi prefecture have been done from 1999 to 2001. Lily mottle virus (LMoV), Lily symptomless virus (LSV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were commonly found. We isolated these viruses from infected lilies and investigated their host range. LMoV-ML61 or LSV-ML112 infected plants of the only Liliaceae, while CMV-ML126 infected plants of 11 families. Moreover, coat protein genes of ML61, ML112 and ML126 have been sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that ML61 and ML112 have respectively high homology with overseas isolates of LMoV and LSV, and ML126 was belonged to subgroup I of CMV.
第73号抄録
セリ収集系統の生態特性
遠藤柳子
Ecological Character of Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.
Ryuko ENDO
セリの生育特性を明らかにした。自然条件下では,系統によりやや違いはあったが,ランナー発生が盛んになるのは5月中~下旬以降,シュートの基部節間の伸長が急速に進むのは5月上~中旬,着蕾の認められる時期は7月中~下旬であった。自然条件下で生育させたセリのシュートを,11月から1カ月ごとに,暗期中断を行っている温室に植え付けた結果,ランナーの発生と節間の伸長は温室への植え付け時期にかかわらず見られたので,セリには休眠がないものと考えられた。しかし,植え付け時期が遅く低温遭遇時間が長くなるほど,ランナーの発生開始と節間伸長開始までの期間が短くなったので,低温遭遇が何らかの作用を及ぼしているものと考えられた。また,在来系統と‘島根みどり’の各系統を供試して,9月及び12月収穫の作型に適する系統の選抜を試みた。9月に収穫する作型では節間伸長しにくく葉に赤みを帯びない‘島根みどり’の系統‘S-17-1’が,12月に収穫する作型ではランナーの発生が少ない‘島根みどり’の系統‘S-10-5’が有望と考えられた。寒害による葉の枯れが発生したのは,‘仙台系’の12月に収穫する作型のみであった。
<Summary>
The ecological characteristics of Oenanthe javanica DC. were investigated under natural conditions. Though several differences were observed among the strains, runners occurred vigorously in all strains from mid to late in May. Internodes began to elongate in the early to middle of May, and buds appeared from mid to late July. When the O. javanica plants grown under natural conditions were transferred to a light breaking greenhouse from November to February every month, the occurrence of runners and internode elongation were observed at all times. These findings indicated that O. javanica plants have no dormancy. However, low temperature treatment would have any influences on occurrence of runner and internode elongation, since they were facilitated by low temperature treatment. Some strains were cultivated and harvested in September and December. Cold injury was observed only in‘Sendai-kei’among the strains harvested in December. Among the strains of‘Simane-midori’,‘S-17-1’was thought to be suited to harvesting in September because its internode elongation was late and anthocyanin did not appear in the leaves and petioles. ‘S-10-5’was thought to be suited to harvesting in December because the number of runners were fewer than other strains and anthocyanin did not appear in the leaves and petioles.
第73号抄録
イチゴ‘さちのか’・‘とちおとめ’の促成栽培におけるセル成型苗利用技術
鹿野弘・大沼康
Forcing Culture of‘Satinoka’and‘Totiotome’Strawberries by using Cell Plants.
Hiroshi KANO and Ko ONUMA
本県のイチゴ栽培は‘女峰’に代わり新品種‘さちのか’,‘とちおとめ’に移行した。そこで,それぞれの品種特性に適した促成栽培における安定生産技術を確立するため,省力技術であるセル成型苗による育苗技術と,電照利用による冬期の安定生産技術について検討した。その結果,‘さちのか’のセル成型苗利用では,育苗日数40日,育苗時の施肥窒素量は100mg/130mlセル,9月10日の定植で収量が向上し,‘とちおとめ’のセル成型苗利用では,育苗日数40~50日,育苗時の施肥窒素量は100mg/180mlセル,9月5日の定植で収量が向上した。また,冬期安定生産技術の一つである電照利用法は,‘さちのか’と‘とちおとめ’ともに,11月初旬から電照を開始することで,収穫開始初期に草高25cmを確保することができ,3月までの収量及び全期の収量が向上した。電照により葉柄長とともに葉身の生育も促進され,商品果1果重も大きくなることが明らかとなった。
<Summary>
As main varieties of strawberry for forcing culture in miyagi prefecture became‘Satinoka’and‘Totiotome’instead of‘Nyohou’, in order to establish forcing culture for these Varieties ,productive techniques by using cell plants for labor-saving and lighting are investigated.
When‘Satinoka’was grown by using cell plants , the condition that the yield was increased as follows ; the days of raising was for 40days ,the amount of applied fertilizer was 100mg/130ml cell,the date of planting was September 10, ‘Totiotome’was grown by using cell plants ,the condition that the yield was increased as follows ; the days of raising was for 40~50days,amount of applied fertilizer was 100mg/180ml cell,the date of planting was September 5.
When the lighting was begun in the begining of November,the plant height was over 25cm in the begining harvest,also the total yield and the yield by March were increased.
As well as the growth of the leaf stalk length and leaf blade were promoted by lighting ,the size of fruits was increased.
第73号抄録
秋ギク型スプレーギク栽培における高圧ナトリウムランプ利用技術の開発
佐々木厚・佐藤泰正・杉本耕悦
Development of Using Technique by High-Pressure Sodium Lamps on the Culture of Autumn-Flowering Spray Type Chrysanthemums
Atsushi SASAKI ,Yasumasa SATO and Kouetsu SUGIMOTO
秋ギク型スプレーギク栽培において,冬春期の生産力向上と省エネルギー生産のため,高圧ナトリウムランプの補光と暗期中断用光源としての利用の可能性を検討した。その結果,高圧ナトリウムランプで補光を行うと,開花はわずかに遅れるものの,切花長,切花重などの量的形質が優れて,品質向上効果が認められた。また,高圧ナトリウムランプを暗期中断用光源に用い,2時間の暗期中断電照を行うと,従来の白熱灯による4時間の暗期中断電照と同等の開花制御効果が認められ,電力消費量を約半分に削減できた。これらのことから,高圧ナトリウムランプ利用の可能性は高いものと考えられた。
<Summary>
In order to improve productivity during winter and spring seasons and save energy production on the culture of autumn-flowering spray type chrysanthemums, the possibility of supplemental lighting and the source of lighting for night break by high-pressure sodium lamps were examined. The main results were as follows. When these plants were grown with supplemental lighting by high-pressure sodium lamps, the flowering time was delayed a little. And quantitative characters such as length, fresh weight of cut flower were improved. The effects of night break by high-pressure sodium lamps for 2 hours were almost equal to that of night break by incandescent lamps for 4 hours on regulation of flowering. And this consumption of electric power was reduced to about 50% of the control. These results indicate that the possibility of using by high-pressure sodium lamps is strong.
第73号抄録
夏秋トマトの養液土耕栽培における栄養診断に基づいた養水分管理方法
上山啓一・小野寺康子・大沼康
Control Method of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Water Feeding based on Nutritional Diagnosis for the Summer-autumn Growing Tomato on the Fertigation System
Keiichi KAMIYAMA , Yasuko ONODERA and Ko ONUMA
夏秋トマトの養液土耕栽培における養水分管理方法について検討した。葉柄汁の硝酸イオン濃度の管理指標値は,第1果房では5000~7000ppm,第2果房では4000~6000ppm,第3果房以降は2000~4500ppmである。採取部位は4~5cmに肥大した果房直下の基部の小葉柄とする。生土容積法(水と生土の体積比2対1)で抽出した土壌浸出液の硝酸イオン濃度管理の指標値は100~300ppmである。生育ステージ毎の水分管理は,第1花房開花期以降はpF1.8~2.0を目安とするが,特にセル成型苗直接定植の場合は第1花房開花期までpF2.3以上をかん水開始点とし,初期の栄養状態を維持しながら水分管理を行うため,基肥として窒素成分で約1.0kg/aとなるように施用する。
<Summary>
We examined nutritional diagnosis according to ion concentration of petiole juice and fresh soil of Summer-Autumn growing tomato by fertigation, and made nutritional diagunosis standard of nitrate ion concentration.
Standard of nitrate ion concentration was 5000~7000ppm at the first fruit cluster, 4000~6000 ppm at the secand, 2000~4500ppm at the third to sixth. Sampling sections were the bottom of the little petiole directly under the fruit cluster. Nutrional diagnosis time was decided by a diameter of fruits. Diagnosis should be done at 4~5cm diameter of tomato fruits.
Standard of nitrate ion concentration in filtration solution mixed fresh soil and water (mixture ratio 1to2) was 100~300ppm.
Standard of water feeding in growth period was pF 1.8~2.0 after first fruit cluster brooming period, but case of the plug seeding directly planted in field, standard of water feeding was pF 2.3 over before first fruit cluster brooming period, and amount of basal fertilizer to maintain ealry nutrition condition was some 1.0 kg/a as nitrate element.
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